Quality

First Pass YieldFPY

The percentage of units that pass through a process correctly the first time, with no rework or repair.

First Pass Yield (FPY) is the fraction of units that come through a step right the first time — before any rework, repair, or re-inspection. It is a truer quality measure than final yield, which can hide a large "hidden factory" of rework.

Multiplying FPY across all steps gives Rolled Throughput Yield, which exposes how a chain of "pretty good" steps can produce poor overall quality.

Go Deeper
First Pass Yield Calculator→Cost of Quality guide→
Related Terms
Rolled Throughput Yield
The probability a unit passes through every step of a process defect-free — the product of each step's first pass yield.
Scrap
Material or product that fails quality requirements and cannot be reworked, representing pure loss.
Cost of Quality
The total cost of achieving quality (prevention + appraisal) plus the cost of failing to (internal + external failure).
DPMO
A normalized defect metric that allows fair comparison of quality across processes of different complexity.
Sigma Level
A measure of process capability expressed in standard deviations between the mean and the nearest spec limit.

Put First Pass Yield into practice

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